Kvakkestads pseudovitenskapelige antakelser truer rettssikkerheten

  • Denne teksten ble publisert i Bergens Tidende 14. januar 2012 under den redaksjonelt valgte tittelen «Kvakkestads pseudovitenskap». Bakgrunnen for innlegget var at psykiater Thor Kvakkestad uttalte til media (se for eksempel Aftenposten og BT) at man ved å medisinere Anders Behring Breivik med antipsykotika kunne få definitive svar om diagnosen stilt av de rettssakkyndige var korrekt.

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Bør voldtektsofre vente med å begynne i behandling?

  • Etter et intervju med meg på forskning.no om tidlig kriseintervensjon for voldtektsofre, lagde NTB en notis som ble gjengitt av en rekke medier, blant annet VG, Aftenbladet, Vårt Land, Klassekampen med flere. Redigerte utgaver av teksten under ble publisert i VG (27.11.2011), Bergensavisen (25.11.2011) og Vårt Land (28.11.2011) som en utdyping av innholdet i den korte notisen produsert av NTB.

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Narrative exposure therapy for posttraumatic stress disorder in tortured refugees: A preliminary uncontrolled trial

Abstract

Torture has severe mental health effects, especially in terms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression. However, there is still a lack of empirical treatment studies. The present paper presents data on 16 torture survivors receiving 10 sessions of narrative exposure therapy (NET). Symptoms of PTSD and depression, assessed by Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS) and Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD), decreased significantly from pre-treatment to 6-month follow-up, with Cohen’s d effect sizes of 1.16 and 0.84, respectively. Although treatment gains were moderate, further research on evidence-based treatments for PTSD and depression in refugee torture survivors is warranted.

 

Predictors of psychological sequelae of torture among South African former political prisoners

Abstract

The present study investigated potential predictors of the psychological sequelae of torture among 143 former political activists who had been detained during the apartheid era in South Africa. Using multiple regression analyses, the authors found that the number of times detained for political reasons, negative social support, strong religiousness, female gender, and number of days detained significantly predicted psychological distress and symptoms of traumatization as measured by the Harvard Trauma Questionnaire (adjusted R 2 = .183) and the Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25 (adjusted R 2 = .152). The number of times detained for political reasons, negative social support, strong religiousness, and female gender emerged as salient risk factors for psychological distress, whereas duration of imprisonment appeared to protect against posttraumatic symptoms. This article discusses these results in terms of the current research on factors associated with traumatization

Psychology and torture: Professional and ethical challenges for clinical psychologists with reference to the United Nations Convention against Torture

Joar Øveraas Halvorsen & Nora Sveaass

The main aim of the present paper is to make clear why human rights and human rights violations are of relevance for clinical psychologists, with specific reference to the United Nations Convention against Torture (UNCAT). We point to several issues pertaining to the relevance of UNCAT for clinical psychologists, e.g. the prohibition against torture, documentation of psychological sequelae of torture, psychosocial rehabilitation of torture survivors and the participation of clinical psychologists in monitoring bodies. We argue that clinical psychologists are in a unique position to ensure that rights are secured and that the obligations set forth by UNCAT are fullfilled. However, in order to do so, psychologists need to engage actively in issues and processes related to human rights in addition to their traditional roles.

Key words: United Nations Convention against Torture; human rights; torture; clinical psychology

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Psykologi og tortur: Faglige og etiske utfordringer for psykologer sett i lys av FNs torturkonvensjon

Abstract

For mange står tortur som selve symbolet på menneskerettighetskrenkelser, og retten til frihet fra tortur er kanskje den mest grunnleggende av alle menneskerettighetene. Likevel er tortur utbredt. Dette har vidtfavnende konsekvenser også for psykologisk virksomhet, og psykologprofesjonen er viktig for å realisere rettighetene i FNs torturkonvensjon.